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Various brain-eating amoebae: the protozoa, the pathogenesis, and the disease

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 6,   Pages 842-866 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0865-2

Abstract: Among various genera of free-living amoebae prevalent in nature, some members are identified as causative agents of human encephalitis, in which Naegleria fowleri followed by Acanthamoeba spp. and Balamuthia mandrillaris have been successively discovered. As the three dominant genera responsible for infections, Acanthamoeba and Balamuthia work as opportunistic pathogens of granulomatous amoebic encephalitis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals, whereas Naegleria induces primary amoebic meningoencephalitis mostly in healthy children and young adults as a more violent and deadly disease. Due to the lack of typical symptoms and laboratory findings, all these amoebic encephalitic diseases are difficult to diagnose. Considering that subsequent therapies are also affected, all these brain infections cause significant mortality worldwide, with more than 90% of the cases being fatal. Along with global warming and population explosion, expanding areas of human and amoebae activity in some regions lead to increased contact, resulting in more serious infections and drawing increased public attention. In this review, we summarize the present information of these pathogenic free-living amoebae, including their phylogeny, classification, biology, and ecology. The mechanisms of pathogenesis, immunology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, epidemiology, diagnosis, and therapies are also discussed.

Keywords： free-living amoebae     central nervous system infection     primary amoebic meningoencephalitis     granulomatous    

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Analysis of the genomic landscape of primary central nervous system lymphoma using whole-genome sequencing

Frontiers of Medicine   Pages 889-906 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0994-x

Abstract: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an uncommon non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with poor prognosisA prognostic risk scoring system was also established for PCNSL, which included Karnofsky performance

Keywords： primary central nervous system lymphoma     whole-genome sequencing     TMSB4X     copy number variation    

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A Fuzzy Controller With Self-Optimizing Parameters and Its Application in the Central Air-conditioningSystem

Wu Aiguo,Du Chunyan,Song Xiaoqiang

Strategic Study of CAE 2004, Volume 6, Issue 11,   Pages 84-87

Abstract:

On the basis of analyzing characteristics of the central air-conditioning system, a fuzzy controllerwith self-optimizing parameters is proposed and applied into the temperature control of the system.To deal with the non-linearity, time delay and time variation of the controlled system, a method for

Keywords： central air-conditioning system     temperature control     fuzzy controller     parameter optimization    

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INTERFERENCE BY NON-HOST PLANT ROOTS AND ROOT EXUDATES IN THE INFECTION PROCESSES OF PHYTOPHTHORA NICOTIANAE

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 8, Issue 3,   Pages 447-459 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021399

Abstract: N-formylpiperidine were consistently identified in the fennel rhizosphere and were found to interfere with the infectionbetween non-host roots and pathogens were found to be an important factor in the inhibition by fennel of infection

Keywords： fennel and tobacco rotation     infection behavior     Phytophthora nicotianae     reactive oxygen species    

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Multiscale RBF-based central high resolution schemes for simulation of generalized thermoelasticity problems

Hassan YOUSEFI, Alireza TAGHAVI KANI, Iradj MAHMOUDZADEH KANI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 429-455 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0483-5

Abstract: In this study, average-interpolating radial basis functions (RBFs) are successfully integrated with centralhigh-resolution schemes to achieve a higher-order central method.In the central high resolution formulation, RBFs lead to a reconstruction with the optimum recovery withAs RBFs work satisfactory on non-uniform cells/grids, the proposed central scheme can handle adaptedsimulations, the multiresolution–based grid adaptation approach is then integrated with the RBF-based central

Keywords： central high resolution schemes     RBFs     higher order accuracy     generalized thermoelasticity     multiresolution-based    

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The Generating Lock P<G，X，X'>and Its Central Encrypting System

Shi Kaiquan,Chen Zexiong

Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 41-46

Abstract:

The conception of the generating lock  P <G ,X, X´> and the centralThese systems include the generating lock P<G ,X, X´> and single-tooth central encryptingsystem, and the generating lock P <G ,X, X´> and multi-tooth central encryptingsystem.encrypting system are provided.

Keywords： the generating lock     the central encrypting system     multi-tooth encrypting-decrypting algorithm     P    X     X    

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Clinical significance of human papilloma virus infection in the cervical lesions

Shuang LI, Yu-Han MENG, Hu TING, Jian SHEN, Ding MA

Frontiers of Medicine 2010, Volume 4, Issue 3,   Pages 264-270 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0094-6

Abstract: Cervical cancer, related with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, has been one of the severest diseasesThe universality of HPV infection in the reproductive tract should not be ignored.The well-known risk factors of HPV infection in cervical lesions consist of high-risk sexual behaviorsThe variation of cervical lesions induced by HPV infection is involved in the continuous pathological, persistent HPV infection, HPV loading dose, and multiple HPV infection.

Keywords： cervical lesion     high risk-human papilloma virus     persistent infection     loading dose     cervical intraepithelial    

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Degradation of refractory organics in concentrated leachate by the Fenton process: Central composite

Senem Yazici Guvenc, Gamze Varank

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 1, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1294-1

Abstract: Abstract • 90% total COD, 95.3% inert COD and 97.2% UV254 were removed. • High R2 values (over 95%) for all responses were obtained with CCD. • Operational cost was calculated to be 0.238 €/g CODremoved for total COD removal. • Fenton oxidation was highly-efficient method for inert COD removal. • BOD5/COD ratio of leachate concentrate raised from 0.04 to 0.4. The primary aim of this study is inert COD removal from leachate nanofiltration concentrate because of its high concentration of resistant organic pollutants. Within this framework, this study focuses on the treatability of leachate nanofiltration concentrate through Fenton oxidation and optimization of process parameters to reach the maximum pollutant removal by using response surface methodology (RSM). Initial pH, Fe2+ concentration, H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio and oxidation time are selected as the independent variables, whereas total COD, color, inert COD and UV254 removal are selected as the responses. According to the ANOVA results, the R2 values of all responses are found to be over 95%. Under the optimum conditions determined by the model (pH: 3.99, Fe2+: 150 mmol/L, H2O2/Fe2+: 3.27 and oxidation time: 84.8 min), the maximum COD removal efficiency is determined as 91.4% by the model. The color, inert COD and UV254 removal efficiencies are determined to be 99.9%, 97.2% and 99.5%, respectively, by the model, whereas the total COD, color, inert COD and UV254 removal efficiencies are found respectively to be 90%, 96.5%, 95.3% and 97.2%, experimentally under the optimum operating conditions. The Fenton process improves the biodegradability of the leachate NF concentrate, increasing the BOD5/COD ratio from the value of 0.04 to the value of 0.4. The operational cost of the process is calculated to be 0.238 €/g CODremoved. The results indicate that the Fenton oxidation process is an efficient and economical technology in improvement of the biological degradability of leachate nanofiltration concentrate and in removal of resistant organic pollutants.

Keywords： Concentrated leachate     Fenton oxidation     Central composite design     Biodegradability     Inert COD    

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A brief review of microRNA and its role in PRRSV infection and replication

Xuekun GUO,Wenhai FENG

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2014, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 114-120 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014022

Abstract: Recently, host microRNAs were shown to be capable of modulating PRRSV infection and replication by multipleIn this review, we discuss the identified functions of host microRNAs in relation to PRRSV infection

Keywords： porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)     microRNA     antiviral     viral tropism    

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Development of a multi-component drug from turmeric using central composite design

Xiaohang ZHANG,Shengnan HAN,Yan LI,Jianlan JIANG

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 3,   Pages 362-368 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1439-5

Abstract: methodology to develop multi-component drugs based on traditional Chinese medicines has been developed using centralResponse surface methodology based on a central composite design was applied to determine the quantitativeThese results demonstrate that response surface methodology based on a central composite design is suitable

Keywords： multi-component drug development     central composite design     turmeric     curcuminoids    

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Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty

Yue Zhao, Wenjun Long, Caiqi Du, Huanhuan Yang, Shimin Wu, Qin Ning, Xiaoping Luo

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 2,   Pages 174-181 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0544-5

Abstract:

The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) has

Keywords： idiopathic central precocious puberty     threshold effects     vitamin D status    

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Anterior cervical surgery methods for central cord syndrome without radiographic spinal fracture-dislocation

Chengwei JING, Qin FU, Xiaojun XU

Frontiers of Medicine 2009, Volume 3, Issue 1,   Pages 45-48 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0019-4

Abstract: This study was aimed to explore the anterior cervical surgery methods to treat central cord syndrome

Keywords： central cord syndrome     decompression     surgical     titanium mesh    

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Environment and economic feasibility of municipal solid waste central sorting strategy: a case study

Hua ZHANG, Zongguo WEN, Yixi CHEN

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0852-z

Abstract: In 2012, a “Green House” program was established as a new attempt for central sorting.

Keywords： Environment and economic feasibility     Municipal solid waste (MSW)     Waste central sorting     Green House    

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Persistence of humoral and cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection: opportunities and challenges

Tangchun Wu

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 6,   Pages 816-819 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0823-4

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Chronic hepatitis B virus infection: epidemiology, prevention, and treatment in China

Rui Yu,Rong Fan,Jinlin Hou

Frontiers of Medicine 2014, Volume 8, Issue 2,   Pages 135-144 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0331-5

Abstract: The universal vaccination program since 1992 has changed the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection

Keywords： chronic hepatitis B     epidemiology     prevention     treatment    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Various brain-eating amoebae: the protozoa, the pathogenesis, and the disease

Journal Article

Analysis of the genomic landscape of primary central nervous system lymphoma using whole-genome sequencing

Journal Article

A Fuzzy Controller With Self-Optimizing Parameters and Its Application in the Central Air-conditioningSystem

Wu Aiguo,Du Chunyan,Song Xiaoqiang

Journal Article

INTERFERENCE BY NON-HOST PLANT ROOTS AND ROOT EXUDATES IN THE INFECTION PROCESSES OF PHYTOPHTHORA NICOTIANAE

Journal Article

Multiscale RBF-based central high resolution schemes for simulation of generalized thermoelasticity problems

Hassan YOUSEFI, Alireza TAGHAVI KANI, Iradj MAHMOUDZADEH KANI

Journal Article

The Generating Lock P<G，X，X'>and Its Central Encrypting System

Shi Kaiquan,Chen Zexiong

Journal Article

Clinical significance of human papilloma virus infection in the cervical lesions

Shuang LI, Yu-Han MENG, Hu TING, Jian SHEN, Ding MA

Journal Article

Degradation of refractory organics in concentrated leachate by the Fenton process: Central composite

Senem Yazici Guvenc, Gamze Varank

Journal Article

A brief review of microRNA and its role in PRRSV infection and replication

Xuekun GUO,Wenhai FENG

Journal Article

Development of a multi-component drug from turmeric using central composite design

Xiaohang ZHANG,Shengnan HAN,Yan LI,Jianlan JIANG

Journal Article

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty

Yue Zhao, Wenjun Long, Caiqi Du, Huanhuan Yang, Shimin Wu, Qin Ning, Xiaoping Luo

Journal Article

Anterior cervical surgery methods for central cord syndrome without radiographic spinal fracture-dislocation

Chengwei JING, Qin FU, Xiaojun XU

Journal Article

Environment and economic feasibility of municipal solid waste central sorting strategy: a case study

Hua ZHANG, Zongguo WEN, Yixi CHEN

Journal Article

Persistence of humoral and cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection: opportunities and challenges

Tangchun Wu

Journal Article

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection: epidemiology, prevention, and treatment in China

Rui Yu,Rong Fan,Jinlin Hou

Journal Article